Hitler, IIRC was present at the signing of the Treaty of Versailles, and harbored a lot of resentment over not only that, but the disarmament and the "breaking up" of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Which is why he not only broke the treaty, but did so blatantly, by re-arming, and then implementing the Anschluss (which he considered justified, because of what he perceived as unjust punishment for WWI)
So, to that degree, WWI DID lead, inevitably, to WWII
Well, all of that, plus the rest of the world just dicking around, and "pretending" to not see what was happening. And then, once they decided to get off of their asses (looking at YOU FDR), it was too late to snuff it out easily. Had they acted swiftly and decisively, Hitler would have been squashed like a pile of dog poop.
I have a lot of issues with Winston Churchill (in most respects, he was a dismal PM) but he at least had THAT right.
Also, never count on Bohemia, Austria, France, or Poland to back you up in a bar fight.